Human 1, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D,1, 25-(OH)D, CYP24A1 ELI

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with a key role in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis.

Via C24- and C23-oxidation pathways, catalyzes the inactivation of both the vitamin D precursor calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)) and the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed: 24893882, PubMed: 15574355, PubMed: 8679605, PubMed: 11012668, PubMed: 16617161, PubMed: 29461981).

With initial hydroxylation at C-24 (via C24-oxidation pathway), performs a sequential 6-step oxidation of calcitriol leading to the formation of the biliary metabolite calcitroic acid (PubMed: 24893882, PubMed: 15574355).

With initial hydroxylation at C-23 (via C23-oxidation pathway), catalyzes sequential oxidation of calcidiol leading to the formation of 25(OH)D3-26,23-lactone as end product (PubMed: 11012668, PubMed: 8679605).

Preferentially hydroxylates at C-25 other vitamin D active metabolites, such as CYP11A1-derived secosteroids 20S-hydroxycholecalciferol and 20S,23-dihydroxycholecalciferol (PubMed: 25727742).

Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via FDXR/adrenodoxin reductase and FDX1/adrenodoxin (PubMed: 8679605).