Human Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase B,ALOX15B ELI

[Isoform A]: Non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase that catalyzes the stereo-specific peroxidation of free and esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generating a spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators (PubMed:9177185, PubMed:10625675, PubMed:12704195, PubMed:17493578, PubMed:18311922, PubMed:24282679, PubMed:10542053, PubMed:24497644, PubMed:32404334) (Probable).

It inserts peroxyl groups at C15 of arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate) producing (15S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate/(15S)-HPETE (PubMed:17493578, PubMed:12704195, PubMed:24282679, PubMed:9177185, PubMed:11956198, PubMed:10625675, PubMed:24497644) (Probable).

Also peroxidizes linoleate ((9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate) to 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoate/13-HPODE (Probable) (PubMed:10542053, PubMed:27435673).

Oxygenates arachidonyl derivatives such as 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) leading to the production and extracellular release of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoyl glycerol (15-HETE-G) that acts as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist (PubMed:18311922, PubMed:17493578, PubMed:11956198).

Has the ability to efficiently class-switch ALOX5 pro-inflammatory mediators into anti-inflammatory intermediates (PubMed:27145229).

Participates in the sequential oxidations of DHA ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate) to generate specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) resolvin D5 ((7S,17S)-diHPDHA), which can actively downregulate the immune response and have anti-aggregation properties with platelets (PubMed:32404334).

In addition to free PUFAs hydrolyzed from phospholipids, it directly oxidizes PUFAs esterified to membrane-bound phospholipids (PubMed:27435673).

Has no detectable 8S-lipoxygenase activity on arachidonate but reacts with (8S)-HPETE to produce (8S,15S)-diHPETE (Probable).

May regulate progression through the cell cycle and cell proliferation (PubMed:12704195, PubMed:11839751).

May also regulate cytokine secretion by macrophages and therefore play a role in the immune response (PubMed:18067895).

May also regulate macrophage differentiation into proatherogenic foam cells (PubMed:22912809).

{ECO:0000269|PubMed:10542053, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10625675, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11839751, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11956198, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12704195, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17493578, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18067895, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18311922, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22912809, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24282679, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24497644, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27145229, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27435673, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32404334, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9177185, ECO:0000305|PubMed:10542053, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16112079, ECO:0000305|PubMed:27145229, ECO:0000305|PubMed:27435673}.; [Isoform B]: Does not convert arachidonic acid to 15S-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/(15S)-HPETE.

{ECO:0000269|PubMed:12704195}.