Human C-C motif chemokine 5,CCL5 ELI

Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils.

Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils.

May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5.

One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells.

Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV).

The processed form RANTES(3-68) acts as a natural chemotaxis inhibitor and is a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1-infection.

The second processed form RANTES(4-68) exhibits reduced chemotactic and HIV-suppressive activity compared with RANTES(1-68) and RANTES(3-68) and is generated by an unidentified enzyme associated with monocytes and neutrophils (PubMed:16791620, PubMed:1380064, PubMed:8525373, PubMed:9516414, PubMed:15923218).

May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75, stimulating inositol trisphosphate production and calcium mobilization through its activation.

Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases.

By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells (PubMed:23979485).

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