Human Ephrin-A1, EFNA1 ELI

Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development.

Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells.

Plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor neovascularization.

The recruitment of VAV2, VAV3 and PI3-kinase p85 subunit by phosphorylated EPHA2 is critical for EFNA1-induced RAC1 GTPase activation and vascular endothelial cell migration and assembly.

Exerts anti-oncogenic effects in tumor cells through activation and down-regulation of EPHA2.

Activates EPHA2 by inducing tyrosine phosphorylation which leads to its internalization and degradation.

Acts as a negative regulator in the tumorigenesis of gliomas by down-regulating EPHA2 and FAK.

Can evoke collapse of embryonic neuronal growth cone and regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis.