Human Gasdermin E,GSDME ELI

[Gasdermin-E]: Precursor of a pore-forming protein that converts non-inflammatory apoptosis to pyroptosis (PubMed:27281216, PubMed:28459430).

This form constitutes the precursor of the pore-forming protein: upon cleavage, the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-E, N-terminal) binds to membranes and forms pores, triggering pyroptosis (PubMed:28459430).

{ECO:0000269|PubMed:27281216, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28459430}.; [Gasdermin-E, N-terminal]: Pore-forming protein produced by cleavage by CASP3 or granzyme B (GZMB), which converts non-inflammatory apoptosis to pyroptosis or promotes granzyme-mediated pyroptosis, respectively (PubMed:27281216, PubMed:28459430, PubMed:32188940).

After cleavage, moves to the plasma membrane, homooligomerizes within the membrane and forms pores of 10-15 nanometers (nm) of inner diameter, triggering pyroptosis (PubMed:28459430, PubMed:32188940).

Binds to inner leaflet lipids, bisphosphorylated phosphatidylinositols, such as phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PubMed:28459430).

Cleavage by CASP3 switches CASP3-mediated apoptosis induced by TNF or danger signals, such as chemotherapy drugs, to pyroptosis (PubMed:27281216, PubMed:28459430, PubMed:32188940).

Mediates secondary necrosis downstream of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and CASP3 activation as well as in response to viral agents (PubMed:28045099).

Exhibits bactericidal activity (PubMed:27281216).

Cleavage by GZMB promotes tumor suppressor activity by triggering robust anti-tumor immunity (PubMed:21522185, PubMed:32188940).

Suppresses tumors by mediating granzyme-mediated pyroptosis in target cells of natural killer (NK) cells: cleavage by granzyme B (GZMB), delivered to target cells from NK-cells, triggers pyroptosis of tumor cells and tumor suppression (PubMed:32188940, PubMed:31953257).

May play a role in the p53/TP53-regulated cellular response to DNA damage (PubMed:16897187).

{ECO:0000269|PubMed:16897187, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21522185, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27281216, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28045099, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28459430, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31953257, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32188940}.