Human Liver Carboxylesterase 1, CES1 ELI

Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs (PubMed: 7980644, PubMed: 9169443, PubMed: 9490062, PubMed: 18762277).

Hydrolyzes aromatic and aliphatic esters, but has no catalytic activity toward amides or a fatty acyl-CoA ester (PubMed: 7980644, PubMed: 9169443, PubMed: 9490062, PubMed: 18762277).

Hydrolyzes the methyl ester group of cocaine to form benzoylecgonine (PubMed: 7980644).

Catalyzes the transesterification of cocaine to form cocaethylene (PubMed: 7980644).

Displays fatty acid ethyl ester Synthase activity, catalyzing the ethyl esterification of oleic acid to ethyloleate (PubMed: 7980644).

Converts monoacylglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol.

Hydrolyzes of 2-arachidonoylglycerol and prostaglandins (PubMed: 21049984).

Hydrolyzes cellular cholesteryl esters to free cholesterols and promotes reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) by facilitating both the initial and final steps in the process (PubMed: 18762277, PubMed: 16024911, PubMed: 11015575, PubMed: 16971496).

First of all, allows free cholesterol efflux from macrophages to extracellular cholesterol acceptors and secondly, releases free cholesterol from lipoprotein-delivered cholesteryl esters in the liver for bile acid synthesis or direct secretion into the bile (PubMed: 18762277, PubMed: 18599737, PubMed: 16971496).