Human Metastasis-Suppressor Kiss-1, KISS1 ELI

Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers.

May regulate events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization.

Generates a C-terminally amidated Peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54.

Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis.

Kp-10 is a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product, isolated in conditioned medium of first trimester trophoblast.

Kp-10, but not other kisspeptins, increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated first trimester trophoblasts.

Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine-tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself.

The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty.

The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood.