Human Phospholipase A2, PLA2 ELI

Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets dietary phospholipids in the intestinal tract (PubMed: 1420353, PubMed: 10681567, PubMed: 17603006).

Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) with preference for phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylcholines (PubMed: 1420353, PubMed: 10681567, PubMed: 17603006).

May play a role in the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines that regulate energy metabolism and inflammation in the intestinal tract.

Hydrolyzes N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamines to N-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamines, which are further cleaved by a lysophospholipase D to release N-acyl ethanolamines (By similarity).

May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner (PubMed: 7721806, PubMed: 25335547).

Upon binding to the PLA2R1 receptor can regulate podocyte survival and glomerular homeostasis (PubMed: 25335547).

Has anti-helminth activity in a process regulated by gut microbiota.

Upon helminth infection of intestinal epithelia, directly affects phosphatidylethanolamine contents in the membrane of helminth larvae, likely controlling an array of phospholipid-mediated cellular processes such as membrane fusion and cell division while providing for better immune recognition, ultimately reducing larvae integrity and infectivity (By similarity).