Human Protein-tyrosine Kinase 2-beta, PTK2B ELI

Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization, cell migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodeling.

Plays a role in the regulation of the humoral immune response, and is required for normal levels of marginal B-cells in the spleen and normal migration of splenic B-cells.

Required for normal macrophage polarization and migration towards sites of inflammation.

Regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell spreading in T-cells, and contributes to the regulation of T-cell responses.

Promotes osteoclastic bone resorption; this requires both PTK2B/PYK2 and SRC.

May inhibit differentiation and activity of osteoprogenitor cells.

Functions in signaling downstream of integrin and collagen receptors, immune receptors, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), cytokine, chemokine and growth factor receptors, and mediates responses to cellular stress.

Forms multisubunit signaling complexes with SRC and SRC family members upon activation; this leads to the phosphorylation of additional tyrosine residues, creating binding sites for scaffold proteins, effectors and substrates.

Regulates numerous signaling pathways.

Promotes activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and of the AKT1 signaling cascade.

Promotes activation of NOS3.

Regulates production of the cellular messenger cGMP.

Promotes activation of the MAP kinase signaling cascade, including activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK8/JNK1.

Promotes activation of Rho family GTPases, such as RHOA and RAC1.

Recruits the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 to P53/TP53 in the nucleus, and thereby regulates P53/TP53 activity, P53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.

Acts as a scaffold, binding to both PDPK1 and SRC, thereby allowing SRC to phosphorylate PDPK1 at 'Tyr-9, 'Tyr-373', and 'Tyr-376'.

Promotes phosphorylation of NMDA receptors by SRC family members, and thereby contributes to the regulation of NMDA receptor ion Channel activity and intracellular Ca(2+) levels.

May also regulate potassium ion transport by phosphorylation of potassium Channel subunits.

Phosphorylates SRC; this increases SRC kinase activity.

Phosphorylates ASAP1, NPHP1, KCNA2 and SHC1.

Promotes phosphorylation of ASAP2, RHOU and PXN; this requires both SRC and PTK2/PYK2.