Human Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier 2, SUMO2 ELI

Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer.

Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2, CBX4 or ZNF451 (PubMed: 26524494).

This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction.

Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins (PubMed: 18408734, PubMed: 18538659, PubMed: 21965678, PubMed: 9556629).

Plays a role in the regulation of sumoylation status of SETX (PubMed: 24105744).