Human Transforming protein RhoA,RHOA ELI

Small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state.

Mainly associated with cytoskeleton organization, in active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration and cell cycle.

Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers (PubMed:8910519, PubMed:9121475, PubMed:31570889).

Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis (PubMed:16236794, PubMed:12900402).

Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation.

Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion (PubMed:20974804, PubMed:23940119).

Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly (PubMed:19934221).

The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex.

It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity.

In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization (PubMed:20937854).

Regulates KCNA2 potassium channel activity by reducing its location at the cell surface in response to CHRM1 activation; promotes KCNA2 endocytosis (PubMed:9635436, PubMed:19403695).

Acts as an allosteric activator of guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 by binding in its activated GTP-bound form to the PH domain of ECT2 which stimulates the release of PH inhibition and promotes the binding of substrate RHOA to the ECT2 catalytic center (PubMed:31888991).

May be an activator of PLCE1 (PubMed:16103226).

In neurons, involved in the inhibiton of the initial spine growth.

Upon activation by CaMKII, modulates dendritic spine structural plasticity by relaying CaMKII transient activation to synapse-specific, long-term signaling (By similarity).

Acts as a regulator of platelet alpha-granule release during activation and aggregation of platelets (By similarity).

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{ECO:0000269|PubMed:12062101, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12538863}.