Mouse High Mobility Group Protein B2, HMGB2 ELI

Multifunctional protein with various roles in different cellular compartments.

May act in a redox sensitive manner.

In the nucleus is an abundant chromatin-associated non-histone protein involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling and V(D)J recombination and probably other processes.

Binds DNA with a preference to non-canonical DNA structures such as single-stranded DNA.

Can bent DNA and enhance DNA flexibility by looping thus providing a mechanism to promote activities on various gene promoters by enhancing transcription factor binding and/or bringing distant regulatory sequences into close proximity (By similarity).

Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex: acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (PubMed: 9184213).

Proposed to be involved in the innate immune response to nucleic acids by acting as a cytoplasmic promiscuous immunogenic DNA/RNA sensor which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (PubMed: 19890330).

In the extracellular compartment acts as a chemokine.

Promotes proliferation and migration of endothelial cells implicating AGER/RAGE (By similarity).

Has antimicrobial activity in gastrointestinal epithelial tissues (By similarity).

Involved in inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus coupled with proinflammatory activity (PubMed: 25306442).

May play a role in germ cell differentiation (PubMed: 11262228).

Involved in modulation of neurogenesis probably by regulation of neural stem proliferation (PubMed: 24391977).

Involved in articular cartilage surface maintenance implicating LEF1 and the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (PubMed: 19805379).